Match List-I with List-II
| List-I | List-II | ||
| (A) | Uni-Factor Theory | (I) | Howard Gardner |
| (B) | Theory of Primary Mental Abilities | (II) | Charles Spearman |
| (C) | Theory of Multiple Intelligences | (III) | Alfred Binet |
| (D) | Two-Factor Theory | (IV) | Louis Thurstone |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)
(A) Uni-Factor Theory — this matches (III) Alfred Binet. Binet, one of the first psychologists to work on intelligence, saw it as one set of abilities used for solving any problem in one’s environment, so his theory is called the uni or one factor theory.
(B) Theory of Primary Mental Abilities — this matches (IV) Louis Thurstone. He held that intelligence consists of seven primary abilities, each relatively independent of the others, such as verbal comprehension and numerical abilities.
(C) Theory of Multiple Intelligences — this matches (I) Howard Gardner. Gardner proposed several distinct types of intelligence, such as linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial and musical, each independent of the others.
(D) Two-Factor Theory — this matches (II) Charles Spearman. Using factor analysis, Spearman showed that intelligence consists of a general factor (g-factor) and some specific factors (s-factors).
NCERT (2025-26): “Theories of Intelligence … He, therefore, conceptualised intelligence as consisting of one similar set of abilities which can be used for solving any or every problem in an individual’s environment. His theory of intelligence is called Uni or one factor theory of intelligence.…” “Theories of Intelligence … In 1927, Charles Spearman proposed a two-factor theory of intelligence employing a statistical method called factor analysis. He showed that intelligence consisted of a general factor (g-factor) and some specific factors (s-factors). The g-factor includes mental operations which are primary and common to all performances. In addition to the g-factor, he said that there are also many specific abilities. These are contained in what he called the s-factor. Excellent singers, architects, scientists, and athletes may be high on g-factor, but in addition to this, they have specific abilities which allow them to excel in their respective domains. Spearman’s theory was followed by Louis Thurstone’s theory. He proposed the theory of primary mental abilities. It states that intelligence consists of seven primary abilities, each of which is relatively independent of the others.…” “Theory of Multiple Intelligences … Howard Gardner proposed the theory of multiple intelligences. According to him, intelligence is not a single entity; rather distinct types of intelligences exist. Each of these intelligences are independent of each other.…” |