Apart from birth and death there is another way by which the population size changes. When people move from one place to another, the place they move from is called the Place of Origin and the place they move to is called the Place of Destination. The place of origin shows a decrease in population while the population increases in the place of destination. Migration may be interpreted as a spontaneous effort to achieve a better balance between population and resources.

Which of the following is NOT a pull factor for migration ?

Political turmoil

The correct answer is option 3: Political turmoil

Option 1: “Better job opportunities”. This is a pull factor because people migrate towards places where they can get better employment opportunities.

Option 2: “Pleasant climate”. This is a pull factor because favourable climatic conditions attract people to a region.

Option 3: “Political turmoil”. This is not a pull factor. It is a push factor because political instability, violence or unrest forces people to leave a place.

Option 4: “Security of life and property”. This is a pull factor because people prefer to migrate to places where they feel safe and secure.

NCERT: 'The Pull factors make the place of destination seem more attractive than the place of origin for reasons like better job opportunities and living conditions, peace and stability, security of life and property and pleasant climate. On the other hand, push factors make the place of origin seem less attractive and political turmoil is push factor.'