| 1. Brahmo Samaj |
d. Rajarammohun Roy |
| 2. Prathna Samaj |
a. Atmaram Pandurang |
| 3. Arya Samaj |
b. Dayanand Saraswati |
| 4. Satya Shodhak Samaj |
c. Jyotiba Phule |
- Brahmo Samaj was founded by Rajarammohun Roy in 1828. It was a reformist movement that sought to reform Hinduism by eliminating idolatry, polytheism, and caste discrimination.
- Prarthana Samaj was founded by Atmaram Pandurang in 1867. It was a reformist movement that also sought to reform Hinduism, but it was more moderate in its approach than the Brahmo Samaj.
- Arya Samaj was founded by Dayanand Saraswati in 1875. It was a reformist movement that sought to revive the Vedic religion and to promote social reform.
- Satya Shodhak Samaj was founded by Jyotiba Phule in 1873. It was a social reform movement that focused on the upliftment of the shudras and atisudras, who were at the bottom of the Hindu caste system.
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