The shortest distance between the lines $\vec r = (\hat i + 2\hat j + 3\hat k) + λ(2\hat i + 3\hat j+4\hat k)$ and $\vec r = (2\hat i + 4\hat j + 5\hat k) + μ(3\hat i + 4\hat j + 5\hat k)$ is equal |
$\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$ $\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$ $\frac{1}{2}$ $\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}$ |
$\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}$ |
The correct answer is Option (4) → $\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}$ Given lines: $\vec r_1 = \hat i+2\hat j+3\hat k + \lambda(2\hat i+3\hat j+4\hat k)$ $\vec r_2 = 2\hat i+4\hat j+5\hat k + \mu(3\hat i+4\hat j+5\hat k)$ Direction vectors: $\vec a = \langle2,3,4\rangle,\;\vec b=\langle3,4,5\rangle$ Vector joining points: $\vec c=\langle2-1,4-2,5-3\rangle=\langle1,2,2\rangle$ Cross product: $\vec a \times \vec b = \begin{vmatrix} \hat i & \hat j & \hat k\\ 2 & 3 & 4\\ 3 & 4 & 5 \end{vmatrix}$ $=\hat i(15-16)-\hat j(10-12)+\hat k(8-9)$ $=\langle -1,2,-1\rangle$ Magnitude: $|\vec a\times\vec b|=\sqrt{(-1)^{2}+2^{2}+(-1)^{2}}=\sqrt{6}$ Now Shortest distance $=\frac{|\vec c\cdot(\vec a\times\vec b)|}{|\vec a\times\vec b|}$ $\vec c\cdot(\vec a\times\vec b)=\langle1,2,2\rangle\cdot\langle-1,2,-1\rangle$ $=-1+4-2=1$ Hence distance $=\frac{1}{\sqrt6}$ |