Movement that requires collective action is called-
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → Social Movement
Option (1) Social Movement — Correct. A social movement requires sustained collective action over time, often directed against the state to demand changes in its policy or practice. The action has some organisation, a leadership, and members with shared objectives and ideologies.
NCERT (2025-26): “8.1 Features of a Social Movement … A social movement requires sustained collective action over time. Such action is often directed against the state and takes the form of demanding changes in state policy or practice. Spontaneous, disorganised protest cannot be called a social movement either. Collective action must be marked by some degree of organisation. This organisation may include a leadership and a structure that defines how members relate to each other, make decisions and carry them out. Those participating in a social movement also have shared objectives and ideologies.…” “Distinguishing Social Change and Social Movements … It is important to distinguish between social change in general and social movements. Social change is continuous and ongoing. The broad historical processes of social change are the sum total of countless individual and collective actions gathered across time and space. Social movements are directed towards some specific goals. It involves long and continuous social effort and action by people.…” |