Which among the following is NOT a characteristic of management?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → Management is a spontaneous force
Option (1) Management is an intangible force — A characteristic of management (Incorrect). Management cannot be seen or touched. But its effect can be seen when targets are met and there is order in the organisation.
Option (2) Management is a spontaneous force — Not a characteristic of management (Correct). “Spontaneous” means something that happens on its own, without any plan. Management is the opposite. It is a goal-oriented process: managers plan and act on purpose to reach the goals of the organisation. So management is not a spontaneous force.
Option (3) Management is a dynamic function — A characteristic of management (Incorrect). Management keeps changing itself to suit the changing environment.
Option (4) Management is a group activity — A characteristic of management (Incorrect). An organisation is a group of people. Management makes them work as a team towards a common goal.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Management is a goal-oriented process: An organisation has a set of basic goals which are the basic reason for its existence. These should be simple and clearly stated. Different organisations have different goals. …” “Management is a group activity: An organisation is a collection of diverse individuals with different needs. Every member of the group has a different purpose for joining the organisation but as members of the organisation they work towards fulfilling the common organisational goal. This requires team work and coordination of individual effort in a common direction. …” “Management is a dynamic function: Management is a dynamic function and has to adapt itself to the changing environment. …” “Management is an intangible force: Management is an intangible force that cannot be seen but its presence can be felt in the way the organisation functions. …” |