Nation-state is a ______system.

The correct answer is Option 3: Political.

Option 1: Economic — Incorrect. An economic system deals with the organisation of production, distribution and consumption of resources. A nation-state is not an economic arrangement.

Option 2: Culture — Incorrect. Culture refers to shared beliefs, traditions and practices of a group. Although culture may contribute to national identity, a nation-state itself is not a cultural system.

Option 3: Political — Correct. A nation-state is a political system in which a nation with a shared identity is organised under a sovereign state with defined territory and authority.

Option 4: Social — Incorrect. A social system refers to patterns of relationships and interactions among people. A nation-state primarily represents a political organisation.