What is the other term used for thermal reductions ?

The correct answer is Option (4) → Pyrometallurgy

Many metals are obtained by reducing their oxides with a reducing agent such as carbon at a high temperature; this thermal reduction is called pyrometallurgy. For example, zinc oxide is reduced with coke and iron oxide in the blast furnace:

    \( \displaystyle \ce{ZnO + C} \xrightarrow{\text{coke},\ 1673\ \mathrm{K}} \ce{Zn + CO} \)

    \( \displaystyle \ce{Fe2O3 + 3CO -> 2Fe + 3CO2} \)

Note: This question is from the pre-rationalised NCERT book (2022-23). The topic is not there in the latest NCERT book (2026-27), and it is also out of the CUET 2026 syllabus.

NCERT (Pre-rationalised edition, 2022-23):
Reduction of Oxide to the Metal – …