The grammatically incorrect sentences are (A), (B) and (E)
-
(A) Being a very hot day, I remained in my tent. This is a dangling participle. The participle "being" doesn't logically modify "I." It should modify the implied subject of the main clause, which should also be the subject of the participial phrase. A correct version would be: It being a very hot day, I remained in my tent. or As it was a very hot day, I remained in my tent.
-
(B) The fog being very dense, nothing could be seen. This also uses a dangling participle. The participle "being" doesn't modify "nothing." A correct version would be: The fog being very dense, no one could see anything. or As the fog was very dense, nothing could be seen.
(E) "Having obtained information, he was arrested."
- Error: Misplaced modifier
- Correction: "Having obtained information, the police arrested him."
- Reason: The sentence incorrectly suggests that he obtained the information and then got arrested, whereas the intended meaning is that the police arrested him after obtaining information.