Which of the following policies have stressed upon the importance of cultivating and sustaining India's relationship with its neighboring countries?

Neighborhood first

The correct answer is Option (3) - Neighborhood first

In a shift towards its immediate neighbours, India's Neighbourhood First Policy, adopted around 2008, prioritizes building strong relationships and fostering cooperation. This policy extends to India's immediate neighbors such as Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka etc. The focus on these neighbours serves multiple strategic purposes for India.

Firstly, collaboration strengthens India's position in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) by countering China's growing influence. This cooperation aligns with India's ambition to become a regional security leader, ensuring stability throughout the IOR.

Secondly, by working closely with its neighbours, India bolsters its role as a representative of the Global South in international organizations like the UNSC, WTO, and IMF.

Finally, cooperation with neighbours is crucial for maintaining India's territorial integrity. For instance, collaboration with Myanmar is vital in addressing insurgency in India's North-Eastern states. This example highlights the policy's emphasis on mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, which ultimately contributes to a more secure and prosperous region