The process of making multiple identical copies of any template DNA is called
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Polymerase chain reaction
Option (3) Polymerase chain reaction — Correct. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) makes many identical copies of a template DNA in vitro. Each cycle of denaturation, primer annealing and extension doubles the DNA.
NCERT Extract:
Amplification of Gene of Interest Using PCR – “… PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction. In this reaction, multiple copies of the gene (or DNA) of interest is synthesised in vitro using two sets of primers (small chemically synthesised oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA) and the enzyme DNA polymerase. The enzyme extends the primers using the nucleotides provided in the reaction and the genomic DNA as template. If the process of replication of DNA is repeated many times, the segment of DNA can be amplified to approximately billion times, i.e., 1 billion copies are made.”