Arrange in sequence a brief historical account of psychological disorders.
A. Middle ages
B. Organismic approach
C. Age of reason and enlightenment
D. Interactional approach
E. Renaissance period
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → B, A, E, C, D
(B) Organismic approach — in the ancient Western world, philosopher-physicians of Greece such as Hippocrates, Socrates and Plato developed the organismic approach and saw disturbed behaviour as arising out of conflicts between emotion and reason.
(A) Middle ages — in the Middle Ages, demonology and superstition gained renewed importance in explaining abnormal behaviour.
(E) Renaissance period — marked by increased humanism and curiosity about behaviour; Johann Weyer insisted that ‘witches’ needed medical, not theological, treatment.
(C) Age of reason and enlightenment — the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, when the scientific method replaced faith and dogma in understanding abnormal behaviour.
(D) Interactional approach — in recent years the approaches have converged into an interactional, or bio-psycho-social, approach in which biological, psychological and social factors all play a part.
Note: A similar question was also asked in CUET (UG) 2023 on 30-05-2023 (Slot 1).
NCERT (2025-26): “Historical Background … In the ancient Western world, it was philosopher-physicians of ancient Greece such as Hippocrates, Socrates, and in particular Plato who developed the organismic approach and viewed disturbed behaviour as arising out of conflicts between emotion and reason.…” “…In the Middle Ages, demonology and superstition gained renewed importance in the explanation of abnormal behaviour.…” “…The Renaissance Period was marked by increased humanism and curiosity about behaviour.…” “…The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were known as the Age of Reason and Enlightenment, as the scientific method replaced faith and dogma as ways of understanding abnormal behaviour.…” “…In recent years, there has been a convergence of these approaches, which has resulted in an interactional, or bio-psycho-social approach. From this perspective, all three factors, i.e. biological, psychological and social play important roles in influencing the expression and outcome of psychological disorders.” |