Match List-I with List-II:
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| A. Dodo | 1. Rauwolfia vomitoria |
| B. Reserpine | 2. Mauritius |
| C. Most important cause of biodiversity loss | 3. Habitat loss and fragmentation |
| D. Nile perch in Lake Victoria | 4. Alien species invasion |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
(A) Dodo — this matches (2) Mauritius. The dodo is one of the recent extinctions named by NCERT, and it lived on the island of Mauritius.
(B) Reserpine — this matches (1) Rauwolfia vomitoria. Reserpine is the active chemical made by this medicinal plant; its potency and concentration vary across the Himalayan ranges, an example of genetic diversity.
(C) Most important cause of biodiversity loss — this matches (3) Habitat loss and fragmentation. NCERT calls it the most important cause driving animals and plants to extinction.
(D) Nile perch in Lake Victoria — this matches (4) Alien species invasion. The Nile perch was introduced into the lake and led to the extinction of more than 200 species of cichlid fish.
NCERT Extract:
Biodiversity – “… The genetic variation shown by the medicinal plant Rauwolfia vomitoria growing in different Himalayan ranges might be in terms of the potency and concentration of the active chemical (reserpine) that the plant produces.”
Loss of Biodiversity – “… Some examples of recent extinctions include the dodo (Mauritius), quagga (Africa), thylacine (Australia), Steller’s Sea Cow (Russia) and three subspecies (Bali, Javan, Caspian) of tiger.”
Loss of Biodiversity – “… (i) Habitat loss and fragmentation: This is the most important cause driving animals and plants to extinction.”
Loss of Biodiversity – “… The Nile perch introduced into Lake Victoria in east Africa led eventually to the extinction of an ecologically unique assemblage of more than 200 species of cichlid fish in the lake.”