Match the List I with List II

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

A-IV, B-III C-II, D-I

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. A-IV, B-III C-II, D-I.

* Managers are not in the position to change plans: Planning leads to rigidity- In an organisation, a well-defined plan is drawn up with specific goals to be achieved within a specific time frame. These plans then decide the future course of action and managers may not be in a position to change it. This kind of rigidity in plans may create difficulty. Managers need to be given some flexibility to be able to cope with the changed circumstances. Following a pre-decided plan, when circumstances have changed, may not turn out to be in the organisations interest. 

* Planning essentially involves looking ahead: Planning is futuristic- Planning essentially involves looking ahead and preparing for the future. The purpose of planning is to meet future events effectively to the best advantage of an organisation. It implies peeping into the future, analysing it and predicting it. Planning is, therefore, regarded as a forward looking function based on forecasting. Through forecasting, future events and conditions are anticipated and plans are drawn accordingly.

* Planning involves choice from among various alternatives: Planning involves decision making- Planning helps the manager to look into the future and make a choice from amongst various alternative courses of action. The manager has to evaluate each alternative and select the most viable proposition. Planning involves setting targets and predicting future conditions, thus helping in taking rational decisions. 

* Sometimes plans are to be drawn overboards with time: Planning is a time consuming process- Sometimes plans to be drawn up take so much of time that there is not much time left for their implementation.