Rani feels excessive guilt for her performance in her career, which is making her unable to carry daily activities in a constructive manner. Psychiatrists have diagnosed her with depression. Select from the given list, which is NOT a factor predisposing towards depression.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → Alogia
Option (1) Genetic make-up — A predisposing factor. Genetic make-up, or heredity, is an important risk factor for major depression and other depressive disorders.
Option (2) Age — A predisposing factor. Age is also a risk factor: women are most at risk in young adulthood, men in early middle age.
Option (3) Gender — A predisposing factor. Gender plays a great role in the differential risk; women are more likely than men to report a depressive disorder.
Option (4) Alogia — Not a predisposing factor. Alogia is poverty of speech, a reduction in speech and speech content. It is a negative symptom of schizophrenia, not a risk factor for depression.
NCERT (2025-26): “Factors Predisposing towards Depression … Genetic make-up, or heredity is an important risk factor for major depression and other depressive disorders. Age is also a risk factor. For instance, women are particularly at risk during young adulthood, while for men the risk is highest in early middle age. Similarly gender also plays a great role in this differential risk addition. For example, women in comparison to men are more likely to report a depressive disorder. Other risk factors are experiencing negative life events and lack of social support.…” “Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders … Negative symptoms are ‘pathological deficits’ and include poverty of speech, blunted and flat affect, loss of volition, and social withdrawal. People with schizophrenia show alogia or poverty of speech, i.e. a reduction in speech and speech content.…” |