Read the following passage and answer the question.

Judicial review is one of the essential features of the Indian Constitution; it has helped preserve the constitutional principles and values and the constitutional supremacy. The power of judicial review is available to the Supreme court and the High Courts in different states in the matters of both legislative and administrative actions. Largely, this power has been applied for the protection and enforcement of fundamental rights provided in the Constitution. To a lesser extent, judicial review has also been used in matters concerning the legislative competence with regards to the centre state relations. With respect to judicial review on matters of executive or administrative actions, courts have employed doctrines such as 'proportionality' 'legitimate expectation', 'reasonableness', and the 'principles of natural justice.'

Courts through judicial review have liberated the doctrine of.

Locus standi

The correct answer is Option (2) → Locus standi