“Human Geography is the synthetic study of relationship between human societies and the earth’s surface”
In the above given definition Ratzel is emphasizing on which of the following?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Synthesis
Option (1) Dynamism — Incorrect. Dynamism, a relationship that keeps changing, is the keyword of Ellen C. Semple’s definition, not Ratzel’s.
Option (2) Conception — Incorrect. Conception belongs to Paul Vidal de la Blache’s definition, not Ratzel’s.
Option (3) Synthesis — Correct. Ratzel calls human geography the ‘synthetic’ study of the relationship between human societies and the earth’s surface. It brings the study of the two together into one whole, so synthesis is what his definition stresses.
Option (4) Adaptation — Incorrect. Adaptation, people fitting their life to nature, is not what Ratzel’s words stress; they speak of joining two subjects in one study.
NCERT: Fundamentals of Human Geography — Chapter 1: Human Geography: Nature and Scope, definitions of human geography (box) (2025-26)
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