Given below are some statements. Read them carefully and choose the correct statement (s) from the given options.

Statement 1: There are different varieties of demography like formal demography and social demography.

Statement 2: All demographic studies are based on processes of counting or enumeration.   

Both statements are correct.

The correct answer is Option 3: Both statements are correct.

Statement 1: There are different varieties of demography like formal demography and social demography. Correct. Demography is not a single uniform field. Formal demography focuses on quantitative measurement, whereas social demography studies the social causes and consequences of population change.

Statement 2: All demographic studies are based on processes of counting or enumeration. Correct. Demographic data are collected through systematic methods such as censuses and surveys, both of which involve counting and recording information about populations.

NCERT: "There are different varieties of demography, including formal demography which is a largely quantitative field, and social demography which focuses on the social, economic or political aspects of populations. All demographic studies are based on processes of counting or enumeration – such as the census or the survey – which involve the systematic collection of data on the people residing within a specified territory."