A trend of people moving away from congested urban areas in search of better quality of living is called as

Sub-urbanisation

The correct answer is Option (3) → Sub-urbanisation

• It is a new trend of people moving away from congested urban areas to cleaner areas outside the city in search of a better quality of living. Important suburbs develop around major cities and everyday thousands of people commute from their homes in the sub urbs to their work places in the city.
• This phenomenon is often driven by a desire for a quieter, less congested environment, improved living conditions, and access to open spaces while retaining proximity to urban amenities and job opportunities.
• It has been a notable demographic and social trend in various parts of the world.