According to Freud which are the forces shaping personality?
a) instinctual needs

b) drives and impulses 

c) rational thinking

d) conscious mind

e) moral standards

a, b, c, e

the correct answer is option 2: a, b, c, e

Freud who believed that three central forces shape personality — instinctual needs, drives and impulses (id), rational thinking (ego), and moral standards (superego).

Why not (d) conscious mind?

• While Freud acknowledged the conscious mind, he emphasized that much of personality is shaped by unconscious processes, not just what is consciously known or thought.