Which of the following techniques/processes are included under biotechnology?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → All of these
Biotechnology uses live organisms or enzymes from organisms to make products and processes useful to humans. Today the word is used mainly for processes that use genetically modified organisms, but the book adds that many other techniques also come under biotechnology.
Option (1) In vitro fertilisation — Correct statement, but it is only one of the correct points, so on its own it is not the answer. In vitro fertilisation, which leads to a ‘test-tube’ baby, is named in the book as part of biotechnology.
Option (2) Correcting a defective gene — Correct statement, but it is only one of the correct points, so on its own it is not the answer. Correcting a defective gene (as in gene therapy) is also part of biotechnology.
Option (3) Synthesising a gene — Correct statement, but it is only one of the correct points, so on its own it is not the answer. Synthesising a gene and using it is listed with the other examples as part of biotechnology.
NCERT Extract:
Biotechnology: Principles and Processes – “Biotechnology deals with techniques of using live organisms or enzymes from organisms to produce products and processes useful to humans. … Further, many other processes/techniques are also included under biotechnology. For example, in vitro fertilisation leading to a ‘test-tube’ baby, synthesising a gene and using it, developing a DNA vaccine or correcting a defective gene, are all part of biotechnology.”