The rationale behind ______ is that the client's distress has its origins in the biological, psychological and social realms.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → Cognitive behaviour therapy
Option (1) Gestalt therapy — Incorrect. Gestalt therapy, given by Fritz and Laura Perls, aims to increase self-awareness and self-acceptance; the client is taught to recognise bodily processes and emotions blocked out from awareness. It does not build on biological, psychological and social causes together.
Option (2) Cognitive behaviour therapy — Correct. CBT adopts a bio-psychosocial approach and combines cognitive therapy with behavioural techniques. Its rationale is that the client’s distress has its origins in the biological, psychological and social realms, so it addresses the biological aspects through relaxation, the psychological ones through behaviour and cognitive therapy techniques, and the social ones through environmental manipulations.
Option (3) Client-centred therapy — Incorrect. Given by Carl Rogers, it provides a warm relationship of empathy and unconditional positive regard in which the client can reconnect with her/his disintegrated feelings. Its focus is the self, not three realms of causes.
Option (4) Logo therapy — Incorrect. Victor Frankl’s logotherapy, ‘treatment for the soul’, helps patients find meaning and responsibility in their life. It sees the cause of distress in a loss of meaning.
NCERT (2025-26): “Cognitive Behaviour Therapy … The most popular therapy presently is the Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT). Research into the outcome and effectiveness of psychotherapy has conclusively established CBT to be a short and efficacious treatment for a wide range of psychological disorders such as anxiety, depression, panic attacks, and borderline personality, etc. CBT adopts a bio-psychosocial approach to the delineation of psychopathology. It combines cognitive therapy with behavioural techniques. The rationale is that the client’s distress has its origins in the biological, psychological, and social realms. Hence, addressing the biological aspects through relaxation procedures, the psychological ones through behaviour therapy and cognitive therapy techniques and the social ones with environmental manipulations makes CBT a comprehensive technique which is easy to use, applicable to a variety of disorders, and has proven efficacy.…” |