Study the following production function (output in units):
| Labour (L) / Capital (K) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 10 | 12 | 13 |
| 2 | 0 | 3 | 10 | 18 | 24 | 29 | 33 |
| 3 | 0 | 7 | 18 | 30 | 40 | 46 | 50 |
| 4 | 0 | 10 | 24 | 40 | 50 | 56 | 57 |
| 5 | 0 | 12 | 29 | 46 | 56 | 58 | 59 |
| 6 | 0 | 13 | 33 | 50 | 57 | 59 | 60 |
Arrange the following input combinations in increasing order of the output they give:
(A) 2 units of labour and 2 units of capital
(B) 3 units of labour and 3 units of capital
(C) 1 unit of labour and 1 unit of capital
(D) 5 units of labour and 5 units of capital
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → (C), (A), (B), (D)
Read each output from the table (row = labour, column = capital).
(C) 1 unit of labour and 1 unit of capital — output 1
(A) 2 units of labour and 2 units of capital — output 10
(B) 3 units of labour and 3 units of capital — output 30
(D) 5 units of labour and 5 units of capital — output 58
More of both inputs always gives more output in this table.
NCERT (2026-27): “3.1 Production Function … A numerical example of production function is given in Table 3.1. The left column shows the amount of labour and the top row shows the amount of capital. As we move to the right along any row, capital increases and as we move down along any column, labour increases. For different values of the two factors, … the table shows the corresponding output levels. For example, with 1 unit of labour and 1 unit of capital, the firm can produce at most 1 unit of output; with 2 units of labour and 2 units of capital, it can produce at most 10 units of output; with 3 units of labour and 2 units of capital, it can produce at most 18 units of output and so on. In our example, both the inputs are necessary for the production. If any of the inputs becomes zero, there will be no production. With both inputs positive, output will be positive. As we increase the amount of any input, output increases.”
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