Which event in 1992 urged all countries to take action to preserve biodiversity and ensure the sustainable utilisation of its benefits?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → The Convention on Biological Diversity (The Earth Summit)
Biodiversity does not stop at a country’s border, so its conservation is a duty of all nations together. The Convention on Biological Diversity, known as ‘The Earth Summit’, was held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. It called on all nations to conserve biodiversity and to use its benefits in a sustainable way. Its follow-up was the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg in 2002, where 190 countries pledged to reduce the rate of biodiversity loss by 2010.
NCERT Extract:
How Do We Conserve Biodiversity? – “… Biodiversity knows no political boundaries and its conservation is therefore a collective responsibility of all nations. The historic Convention on Biological Diversity (‘The Earth Summit’) held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, called upon all nations to take appropriate measures for conservation of biodiversity and sustainable utilisation of its benefits. In a follow-up, the World Summit on Sustainable Development held in 2002 in Johannesburg, South Africa, 190 countries pledged their commitment to achieve by 2010, a significant reduction in the current rate of biodiversity loss at global, regional and local levels.”