Match List I with List II:
| List I | List II | ||
| (A) | Life | (I) | Namus |
| (B) | Honour | (II) | Mal |
| (C) | Property | (III) | Jan |
| (D) | Faith | (IV) | Din |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(II), (D)-(IV)
(A) Life — this matches (III) Jan. Abu’l Fazl defined sovereignty as a social contract: the emperor protects the four essences of his subjects, and the first is life, jan.
(B) Honour — this matches (I) Namus. Honour is namus.
(C) Property — this matches (II) Mal. Property is mal.
(D) Faith — this matches (IV) Din. Faith is din. In return for protecting these four, the emperor demands obedience and a share of resources.
Note: This question is taken from the chapter ‘Kings and Chronicles’ which was there in the pre-rationalised NCERT and has been deleted from subsequent editions of NCERT, including the NCERT book (2026-27).
NCERT (Pre-rationalised): “5.3 Just sovereignty as … Abu’l Fazl defined sovereignty as a social contract: the emperor protects the four essences of his subjects, namely, life (jan), property (mal), honour (namus) and faith (din), and in return demands obedience and a share of resources. Only just sovereigns were thought to be able to honour the contract with power and Divine guidance.” |