Biofortification does not include:

The correct answer is Option (3) → Imparting drought resistance

Option (1) Improving protein content and quality — Included.

Option (2) Improving vitamin and micronutrient content — Included.

Option (3) Imparting drought resistance — Not included. Drought resistance is breeding for stress tolerance, not nutritional quality.

Option (4) Improving oil content — Included.

Note: This question is from Chapter 9, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, of the pre-rationalised NCERT book. This chapter is not in the present NCERT book (2026-27). The extract below is from the pre-rationalised edition.

NCERT Extract (Pre-rationalised edition, Chapter 9, Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production):
Plant Breeding for Improved Food Quality – “… Diets lacking essential micronutrients – particularly iron, vitamin A, iodine and zinc – increase the risk for disease, reduce lifespan and reduce mental abilities. Biofortification – breeding crops with higher levels of vitamins and minerals, or higher protein and healthier fats – is the most practical means to improve public health.”
What Is Plant Breeding? – “… Increased tolerance to environmental stresses (salinity, extreme temperatures, drought), resistance to pathogens (viruses, fungi and bacteria) and increased tolerance to insect pests would be on our list too.”
Plant Breeding for Improved Food Quality – “Breeding for improved nutritional quality is undertaken with the objectives of improving –
(i) Protein content and quality; (ii) Oil content and quality; (iii) Vitamin content; and (iv) Micronutrient and mineral content.”