Who were referred as 'Khud-Kashta' and 'Pahi-Kashta':

Peasants

The correct answer is Option (3) → Peasants

Khud-Kashta:

• "Khud-Kashta" refers to individuals who personally cultivate the land they own.
• In this context, it often applies to peasants or farmers who work on their own fields, engaging in manual cultivation.

Pahi-Kashta:

• "Pahi-Kashta" refers to those who hire labor or use other means of cultivation rather than personally working on the land they own.
• This term is associated with landowners who may not engage in the physical labor of cultivation themselves but instead employ others for agricultural activities.

So, the correct option is [3].