Which among the following is not an example of vegetative propagule in angiosperms ?

Conidia of Penicillium .

The correct answer is Option (3) – Conidia of Penicillium .

Members of the Kingdom Fungi and simple plants such as algae reproduce through special asexual reproductive structures . The most common of these structures are zoospores that usually are microscopic motile structures. Other common asexual reproductive structures are conidia (Penicillium), buds (Hydra) and gemmules (sponge).

Vegetative propagules are parts of a plant that can give rise to a new plant without sexual reproduction. In angiosperms, several structures can serve as vegetative propagules. In plants, the units of vegetative propagation such as runner, rhizome, sucker, tuber, offset, bulb are all capable of giving rise to new offspring . These structures are called vegetative propagules. Obviously, since the formation of these structures does not involve two parents, the process involved is asexual.

Vegetative propagules in angiosperms: (a) Eyes of potato; (b) Rhizome of ginger;(c) Bulbil of Agave; (d) Leaf buds of Bryophyllum; (e) Offset of water hyacinth