Match List-I with List-II
| List-I | List-II |
| Principles of Directing | Description of Principles |
| (A) Maximum individual contribution | (I) Directing should convey clear instructions to create total understanding to subordinates. |
| (B) Harmony of objectives | (II) Every individual in the organisation must be helped to contribute to his maximum potential for achievement of organisational objectives. |
| (C) Unity of Command | (III) An employee may expect attractive salary and monetary benefits to fulfill his personal needs while the organisation may expect employees to improve productivity to achieve expected profits. |
| (D) Managerial communication | (IV) A person in the organisation should receive instructions from one superior only. |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (IV), (D) - (I)
(A) Maximum individual contribution — this matches (II) Every individual in the organisation must be helped to contribute to his maximum potential for achievement of organisational objectives. Directing should bring out the best from each person, and the sum of these efforts is what reaches the organisation’s goals.
(B) Harmony of objectives — this matches (III) An employee may expect attractive salary and monetary benefits to fulfill his personal needs while the organisation may expect employees to improve productivity to achieve expected profits. The employee’s aim and the organisation’s aim can pull apart, and good directing brings the two into line.
(C) Unity of Command — this matches (IV) A person in the organisation should receive instructions from one superior only. Orders from two bosses confuse the worker and weaken discipline.
(D) Managerial communication — this matches (I) Directing should convey clear instructions to create total understanding to subordinates. Directing works only when the subordinate understands the instruction as the manager meant it.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Principles of Directing … (i) Maximum individual contribution: This principle emphasises that directing techniques must help every individual in the organisation to contribute to his maximum potential for achievement of organisational objectives. …” “(ii) Harmony of objectives: Very often, we find that individual objectives of employees and the organisational objectives as understood are conflicting to each other. …” “(iii) Unity of Command: This principle insists that a person in the organisation should receive instructions from one superior only. If instructions are received from more than one, it creates confusion, conflict and disorder in the organisation. …” “(v) Managerial communication: Effective managerial communication across all the levels in the organisation makes direction effective. Directing should convey clear instructions to create total understanding to subordinates. …” |