Arrange the following early-states from north to south:
A. Ashmaka
B. Matsya
C. Gandhara
D. Avanti
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → C, B, D, A
These are four of the sixteen mahajanapadas, the early states named in Buddhist and Jaina texts of the sixth century BCE. Their order from north to south is read from the map of the early states and their capitals.
(C) Gandhara — the northernmost, in the north-west of the subcontinent, with Taxila as its city.
(B) Matsya — further south, just below Shurasena and to the south-west of Mathura.
(D) Avanti — further south again, in central India, with its capital at Ujjayini.
(A) Ashmaka — the southernmost of the four, far down in the Deccan.
Tip: Direction questions come straight from the maps. Run your eye over each map of the chapter from top to bottom and from left to right, and fix where the main states lie.
NCERT (2025-26): “2.1 The sixteen mahajanapadas … Early Buddhist and Jaina texts (see also Chapter 4) mention, amongst other things, sixteen states known as mahajanapadas. Although the lists vary, some names such as Vajji, Magadha, Koshala, Kuru, Panchala, Gandhara and Avanti occur frequently. Clearly, these were amongst the most important mahajanapadas.… Map 1 Early states and their capitals”
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