Physiological density is defined as ratio of _________.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Total population/ Net cultivated area
Option (1) Total agriculture population/Net cultivable area — Incorrect. This is agricultural density, not physiological density. It counts only the agricultural population (cultivators, agricultural labourers and their families) against the net cultivable area.
Option (2) Total population/ Gross cultivable area — Incorrect. Physiological density divides by the land actually cultivated, not by a gross cultivable area.
Option (3) Total population/ Net cultivated area — Correct. Physiological density = total population / net cultivated area. It shows how many people depend on each unit of land that is actually under crops.
Option (4) Total agricultural population/ Net cultivated area — Incorrect. It mixes the two formulas; physiological density takes the whole population, not only the agricultural population.
NCERT: India - People and Economy — Chapter 1: Population: Distribution, Density, Growth and Composition, box: physiological and agricultural density (2025-26)
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