Match List-I with List-II
| List-I (Physical Laws) | List-II (Related to) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (A) | Gauss’ law for electricity | (I) | net magnetic flux through a closed surface |
| (B) | Gauss’ law for magnetism | (II) | induced electric field to changing magnetic flux |
| (C) | Faraday’s law | (III) | induced magnetic field to changing electric flux and to current |
| (D) | Ampere-Maxwell law | (IV) | net electric flux through a closed surface enclosing net charge |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (II), (D) - (III)
These are the four Maxwell’s equations: two Gauss’s laws for flux through closed surfaces, and two laws for fields induced around closed loops.
(A) Gauss’ law for electricity — this matches (IV) net electric flux through a closed surface enclosing net charge. The flux equals the enclosed charge divided by \( \varepsilon_0 \).
\( \displaystyle \oint \vec{E}\cdot d\vec{A} = \frac{q_{\mathrm{enc}}}{\varepsilon_0} \)
(B) Gauss’ law for magnetism — this matches (I) net magnetic flux through a closed surface. Since there are no isolated magnetic poles, this flux is always zero.
\( \oint \vec{B}\cdot d\vec{A} = 0 \)
(C) Faraday’s law — this matches (II) induced electric field to changing magnetic flux. A changing magnetic flux produces an emf, that is, an electric field around the loop.
\( \oint \vec{E}\cdot d\vec{l} = -\frac{d\phi_B}{dt} \)
(D) Ampere-Maxwell law — this matches (III) induced magnetic field to changing electric flux and to current. Both the conduction current and the displacement current produce a magnetic field.
\( \displaystyle \oint \vec{B}\cdot d\vec{l} = \mu_0 i_c + \mu_0\varepsilon_0 \frac{d\phi_E}{dt} \)
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