Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
| LIST-I | LIST-II | ||
| A. | J. P. Guilford | I. | One-factor theory |
| B. | Charles Spearman | II. | Hierarchical model of intelligence: Level I and Level II |
| C. | Alfred Binet | III. | Structure-of-Intellect model |
| D. | Arthur Jensen | IV. | Two-factor theory |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
A. J. P. Guilford — this matches III. Structure-of-Intellect model. Guilford classified intellectual traits along three dimensions: operations, contents and products.
B. Charles Spearman — this matches IV. Two-factor theory. In 1927, using factor analysis, he showed that intelligence consists of a general factor (g-factor) and specific factors (s-factors).
C. Alfred Binet — this matches I. One-factor theory. Binet saw intelligence as one similar set of abilities used for solving any problem, so his theory is called the uni or one factor theory.
D. Arthur Jensen — this matches II. Hierarchical model of intelligence: Level I and Level II. Level I is associative learning, such as rote learning and memory; Level II, called cognitive competence, involves higher-order skills that transform the input into an effective output.
NCERT (2025-26): “Theories of Intelligence … We mentioned above that Alfred Binet was the first psychologist who tried to formalise the concept of intelligence in terms of mental operations. Prior to him, we find the notion of intelligence described in general ways in various philosophical treatises available in different cultural traditions. Binet’s theory of intelligence was rather simple as it arose from his interest in differentiating more intelligent from less intelligent individuals. He, therefore, conceptualised intelligence as consisting of one similar set of abilities which can be used for solving any or every problem in an individual’s environment. His theory of intelligence is called Uni or one factor theory of intelligence.…” “…In 1927, Charles Spearman proposed a two-factor theory of intelligence employing a statistical method called factor analysis. He showed that intelligence consisted of a general factor (g-factor) and some specific factors (s-factors).…” “…Arthur Jensen proposed a hierarchical model of intelligence consisting of abilities operating at two levels, called Level I and Level II.…” “…J.P. Guilford proposed the structure-of-intellect model which classifies intellectual traits among three dimensions: operations, contents, and products.…” |