The ability of any cell/explant to produce a complete plant is called:

The correct answer is Option (1) → Totipotency

In tissue culture, any part taken out of a plant (an explant) can be grown into a whole new plant under sterile conditions in a special nutrient medium. This ability to generate a whole plant from any cell or explant is called totipotency.

(1) Totipotency — Correct. It is the capacity of a cell or explant to give a complete plant.

(2) Micropropagation — Incorrect. Micropropagation is the method of producing thousands of plants through tissue culture. It uses totipotency, but it is not the ability itself.

(3) Fertilisation — Incorrect. Fertilisation is the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote. It is part of sexual reproduction, not of tissue culture.

(4) Somatic hybridisation — Incorrect. Somatic hybridisation is the fusion of body cells (protoplasts) of two different plants to form a hybrid, such as the pomato.

NCERT Extract:
Biotechnological Applications in Agriculture – …