Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
| LIST-I (Optical phenomena) | LIST-II (Characteristics) |
| A. Interference | I. Splitting of light into various colours |
| B. Diffraction | II. Superposition of waves |
| C. Polarization | III. Bending of light around corners |
| D. Dispersion | IV. Electric field oscillations confined along one direction |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
Each optical phenomenon is identified by the behaviour of light that defines it.
(A) Interference — this matches (II) Superposition of waves. Interference is the redistribution of intensity when coherent waves superpose, giving bright and dark fringes.
(B) Diffraction — this matches (III) Bending of light around corners. Light spreads into the geometrical shadow of an obstacle or aperture whose size is comparable with the wavelength.
(C) Polarization — this matches (IV) Electric field oscillations confined along one direction. Only transverse waves can be polarised, and in plane-polarised light the electric field vibrates in a single direction.
(D) Dispersion — this matches (I) Splitting of light into various colours. The refractive index of glass depends on wavelength, so a prism bends each colour by a different amount.