__________ is implicit and inherent in all functions of an organisation.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Coordination
Option (1) Supervision — Incorrect. Supervision is one element of directing: overseeing the work of subordinates. It is not part of every function.
Option (2) Motivation — Incorrect. Motivation is also an element of directing. It is not present in planning or controlling as such.
Option (3) Coordination — Correct. Coordination is not a separate function. It runs through all of them. It starts at planning and continues through organising, staffing, directing and controlling. That is why it is called the essence of management.
Option (4) Directing — Incorrect. Directing is one of the functions of management, not something that runs through all of them.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Coordination — The Essence of Management … Coordination is implicit and inherent in all functions of an organisation. The process of coordinating the activities of an organisation begins at the planning stage itself. …” |