Environment and Global Warming
Global warming is a gradual increase in the average temperature of the earth’s lower atmosphere as a result of the increase in greenhouse gases since the Industrial Revolution. Much of the recent observed and projected global warming is human-induced. It is caused by man-made increases in carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases through the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. Adding carbon dioxide, methane and such other gases (that have the potential to absorb heat) to the atmosphere with no other changes will make our planet’s surface warmer. The atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and CH4 have increased by 31 per cent and 149 per cent respectively above pre-industrial levels since 1750. During the past century, the atmospheric temperature has risen by 1.1°F (0.6°C) and sea level has risen several inches. Some of the longer-term results of global warming are melting of polar ice with a resulting rise in sea level and coastal flooding; disruption of drinking water supplies dependent on snow melts; extinction of species as ecological niches disappear; more frequent tropical storms; and an increased incidence of tropical diseases. A UN Conference on Climate Change, held in Kyoto, Japan, in 1997, resulted in an international agreement to fight global warming which called for reductions in emissions of greenhouse gases by industrialised nations.
CPCB stands for.
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → Central Pollution Control Board
Water and air pollution were two major environmental concerns in India, and in 1974 the government set up a national body to control them: the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). The states followed with their own state level boards.
These boards investigate, collect and disseminate information on pollution, lay down standards for sewage, trade effluents and emissions, and advise governments on preventing and controlling pollution.
Why the other options are incorrect
Option (1) Central Pollution Community Board — Incorrect. There is no such board.
Option (3) Central Political Control Board — Incorrect. There is no such board.
Option (4) Country Pollution Control Board — Incorrect. There is no such board.
NCERT (2025-26): “Box 7.4 : Pollution Control Boards In order to address two major environmental concerns in India, viz. water and air pollution, the government set up the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in 1974. This was followed by states establishing their own state level boards to address all the environmental concerns. They investigate, collect and disseminate information relating to water, air and land pollution, lay down standards for sewage/trade effluent and emissions. These boards provide technical assistance to governments in promoting cleanliness of streams and wells by prevention, control and abatement of water pollution, and improve the quality of air and to prevent, control or abate air pollution in the country.…” |