The sun heats the earth through:

radiation

The correct answer is option 1. radiation.

The Sun heats the Earth primarily through Radiation.

Radiation is the process by which energy is transmitted in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as visible light, infrared radiation, and ultraviolet radiation. The Sun emits vast amounts of electromagnetic radiation across the entire spectrum, including visible light, which reaches the Earth and warms its surface. This process of heating the Earth's surface and atmosphere through the emission of electromagnetic radiation is known as solar radiation or solar heating.