Which equipment is crucial for cultivating microbes on a large scale for the industrial production of enzymes?

Bioreactor

The correct answer is (c) Bioreactor.

A bioreactor is an essential equipment used for growing microbes on a large scale for industrial enzyme production. A bioreactor provides a controlled environment for the growth and cultivation of microorganisms, such as bacteria, yeast, or fungi, under optimal conditions. It is designed to provide suitable conditions for microbial growth, including temperature, pH, nutrient supply, and oxygen availability.

In the context of industrial enzyme production, a bioreactor allows for the fermentation process, where microorganisms produce enzymes as they metabolize the substrate. The bioreactor ensures the optimal growth and productivity of the microorganisms by providing the necessary conditions for their metabolism and enzyme production. These enzymes can then be harvested, purified, and used for various industrial applications.

Bioreactors come in different designs and types, such as stirred-tank reactors, airlift reactors, and fermenters. They are equipped with control systems to monitor and adjust parameters like temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen levels, and agitation speed. This ensures the efficient and scalable production of enzymes by providing a controlled and favorable environment for microbial growth and enzyme synthesis.

Therefore, a bioreactor is the equipment of choice for growing microbes on a large scale for industrial enzyme production due to its ability to provide optimal conditions and control over the fermentation process.