“It is a complex process as the individuals are heterogeneous in their expectations, perceptions and reactions.” Identify the term:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Motivation
Option (1) Leadership — Incorrect. Leadership is the process of influencing others to work willingly towards goals. The statement is about how people react differently to what moves them, which is the nature of motivation.
Option (2) Communication — Incorrect. Communication is the exchange of ideas and information between people. It is not described by people’s differing expectations and reactions.
Option (3) Motivation — Correct. Motivation is the process of stirring people to act to achieve goals. It is a complex process because people are heterogeneous: each has his own expectations, perceptions and reactions. So the same incentive does not move every employee in the same way.
Option (4) Supervision — Incorrect. Supervision is overseeing the work of subordinates. It is not described by this feature.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Features of Motivation: … (iv) Motivation is a complex process as the individuals are heterogeneous in their expectations, perceptions and reactions. Any type of motivation may not have uniform effect on all the members.” |