Match List-I with List-II:
| List-I | List-II |
| (Scientific Principles) | (Explanation) |
| (A) Harmony, Not Discord | (I) Scientific method involved investigation of traditional methods through work-study, unifying the best practices and developing a standard method. |
| (B) Development of Each and Every Person to His or Her Greatest Efficiency and Prosperity | (II) Management should not close its ears to any constructive suggestions made by the employees. |
| (C) Science not Rule of Thumb | (III) Prosperity for the employer cannot exist for a long time unless it is accompanied by prosperity for the employees and vice versa. |
| (D) Cooperation, Not Individualism | (IV) Each person should be scientifically selected, and the work assigned should suit her/his physical, mental and intellectual capabilities. |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)
(A) Harmony, Not Discord — this matches (III) Prosperity for the employer cannot exist for a long time unless it is accompanied by prosperity for the employees and vice versa. Taylor wanted managers and workers to see that they gain together. When both know that one side cannot prosper for long while the other suffers, the conflict between them gives way to harmony.
(B) Development of Each and Every Person to His or Her Greatest Efficiency and Prosperity — this matches (IV) Each person should be scientifically selected, and the work assigned should suit her/his physical, mental and intellectual capabilities. A worker can reach his best efficiency only in a job that fits his abilities. So Taylor asked for scientific selection, followed by training to develop each worker.
(C) Science not Rule of Thumb — this matches (I) Scientific method involved investigation of traditional methods through work-study, unifying the best practices and developing a standard method. Taylor rejected guesswork. He studied the different ways a job was being done and built from them the one best method, to be used by everyone.
(D) Cooperation, Not Individualism — this matches (II) Management should not close its ears to any constructive suggestions made by the employees. Cooperation means managers and workers work as partners. Listening to workers’ suggestions, and rewarding the useful ones, makes them feel part of the organisation.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Harmony, Not Discord: … He emphasised that there should be complete harmony between the management and workers. Both should realise that each one is important. …” “…According to Taylor, ‘Scientific management has for its foundation the firm conviction that the true interests of the two are one and the same; that prosperity for the employer cannot exist for a long time unless it is accompanied by prosperity for the employees and vice versa’.” “Person to His or Her Greatest Efficiency and Prosperity: … Taylor was of the view that the concern for efficiency could be built in right from the process of employee selection. Each person should be scientifically selected. Then work assigned should suit her/his physical, mental and intellectual capabilities. …” “Science not Rule of Thumb: … Taylor believed that there was only one best method to maximise efficiency. This method can be developed through study and analysis. The method so developed should substitute ‘Rule of Thumb’ throughout the organisation. Scientific method involved investigation of traditional methods through work-study, unifying the best practices and developing a standard method, which would be followed throughout the organisation. …” “Cooperation, Not Individualism: There should be complete cooperation between the labour and the management instead of individualism. This principle is an extension of principle of ‘Harmony not discord’. Competition should be replaced by cooperation. Both should realise that they need each other.” “For this, management should not close its ears to any constructive suggestions made by the employees. They should be rewarded for their suggestions which results in substantial reduction in costs. …” |