AIDS is a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Find out the correct statement with reference to it

(A) It is caused by HIV belonging to the retrovirus group.
(B) It can pass through the placenta from an infected mother to her child.
(C) It can be diagnosed using ELISA.
(D) HIV enters into the B-lymphocytes and reproduces to produce progeny of virus.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A), (B) and (C) only

The correct answer is Option (2) → (A), (B) and (C) only 

Explanation of each statement:

(A) It is caused by HIV belonging to the retrovirus group. Correct — HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a retrovirus, meaning it contains RNA and uses reverse transcriptase to make DNA inside host cells.

(B) It can pass through the placenta from an infected mother to her child.
Correct — HIV can be transmitted vertically from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.

(C) It can be diagnosed using ELISA. Correct — ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) is a commonly used test to detect HIV antibodies in a person’s blood.

(D) HIV enters into the B-lymphocytes and reproduces to produce progeny of virus. Incorrect — HIV does not infect B-lymphocytes. It primarily targets CD4+ T-lymphocytes (T-helper cells), not B cells. These T cells are crucial for immune system function.