Read the passage and answer the following questions:
The major events of the cycle starts with the menstrual phase, when menstrual flow occurs and it lasts for 3-5 days. The menstrual flow results due to breakdown of endometrial lining of the uterus and its blood vessels which forms liquid that comes out through vagina. Menstruation only occurs if the released ovum is not fertilised. Lack of menstruation may be indicative of pregnancy. However, it may also be caused due to some other underlying causes like stress, poor health etc. The menstrual phase is followed by the follicular phase. During this phase, the primary follicles in the ovary grow to become a fully mature Graafian follicle and simultaneously the endometrium of uterus regenerates through proliferation. These changes in the ovary and the uterus are induced by changes in the levels of pituitary and ovarian hormones.
In human beings, menstrual cycle ceases around 50 years of age. What is it called?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → Menopause
The reproductive phase of a woman lies between two named events. The first menstruation at puberty is called menarche. The stopping of menstrual cycles at around 50 years of age is called menopause. Cyclic menstruation between these two events shows a normal reproductive phase.
NCERT Extract:
Menstrual Cycle – “… In human beings, menstrual cycles ceases around 50 years of age; that is termed as menopause. Cyclic menstruation is an indicator of normal reproductive phase and extends between menarche and menopause.”