The prime features of industrial societies do not include:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → More people work in agriculture
Option (1) More people work in factories — A feature (Incorrect). A prime feature of industrial societies is that a large majority of the employed population work in factories, offices or shops.
Option (2) More people work in offices — A feature (Incorrect). Offices are among the places where most people work in an industrial society; over 90 per cent of people in the west live in towns and cities, where most jobs are found.
Option (3) More people work in agriculture — Not a feature (Correct). In even the most advanced traditional civilisations, most people worked on the land, because a low level of technology could not free more than a small minority from farming. Industrial societies are the opposite: most people work in factories, offices or shops rather than agriculture.
Option (4) More people work in shops — A feature (Incorrect). Shops, like factories and offices, are where the large majority of the employed in an industrial society work.
NCERT (2025-26): “1.2 Urbanisation and Industrialisation … Industrialisation refers to the emergence of machine production, based on the use of inanimate power resources like steam or electricity. In most standard western textbook of sociology, we learn that in even the most advanced of traditional civilizations, most people were engaged in working on the land. The relatively low level of technological development did not permit more than a small minority to be freed from the chores of agricultural production. By contrast, a prime feature of industrial societies today is that a large majority of the employed population work in factories, offices or shops rather than agriculture. Over 90 per cent of people in the west live in towns and cities, where most jobs are to be found and new job opportunities are created.…” |