Match List I with List II:

The correct matching is:

A-iv, B-i, C-iii, D-ii

The correct answer is option 3. A-iv, B-i, C-iii, D-ii.

Let us explain in detail why each compound in List I matches with the functional group classification in List II.

A. \(CH_3COOH\) - iv. Acid:

\(CH_3COOH\) is the chemical formula for acetic acid. Acetic acid is a carboxylic acid, which is a class of organic compounds containing the carboxyl group (-COOH). Carboxylic acids are known for their acidic properties due to the presence of the -COOH group. Therefore, \(CH_3COOH\) fits with "Acid" (iv).

B. \(CH_3COX\) - i. Acid halide:

\(CH_3COX\) represents an acetyl halide, where \(X\) is a halogen (such as chlorine, bromine, or iodine).  Acid halides (also known as acyl halides) are derived from carboxylic acids by replacing the hydroxyl group (-OH) with a halogen (such as -Cl, -Br, or -I). They are characterized by the functional group -COX. Therefore, \(CH_3COX\) fits with "Acid halide" (i).

C. \(CH_3COCH_3\) - iii. Ketone:

\(CH_3COCH_3\) is the chemical formula for acetone. Acetone is the simplest and most important ketone. Ketones are characterized by the carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two carbon atoms. In acetone, the carbonyl group is bonded to two methyl groups (CH3), forming a ketone. Therefore, \(CH_3COCH_3\) fits with "Ketone" (iii).

D. \(CH_3COOCH_3\) - ii. Ester:

\(CH_3COOCH_3\) is the chemical formula for methyl acetate. Esters are derived from carboxylic acids and alcohols. They have the functional group -COO-, where the carbonyl carbon is bonded to an oxygen atom, which is then bonded to another carbon atom. In methyl acetate, the structure is derived from acetic acid and methanol, forming an ester. Therefore, \(CH_3COOCH_3\) fits with "Ester" (ii).

The correct matching is: 3. A-iv, B-i, C-iii, D-ii.