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Oparin of Russia and Haldane of England proposed that the first form of life could have come from pre-existing non-living organic molecules (e.g. RNA, protein, etc.) and that formation of life was preceded by chemical evolution, i.e., formation of diverse organic molecules from inorganic constituents. In 1953, S.L. Miller, an American scientist created similar conditions in a laboratory scale.

He created electric discharge in a closed flask containing CH4 , H2 , NH3 and water vapour at 800 degree Celsius . He observed formation of amino acids .