Match List I with List II

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1 – IV, 2 – I, 3 – III, 4 – II

The correct answer is option 3. 1 – IV, 2 – I, 3 – III, 4 – II.

1. Ethanal/Propanal:

These can be distinguished by the iodoform test.

Ethanal contains the grouping \(CH_3O-\) linked to \(H\) and hence reacts with \(I_2/NaOH\) (or NaOI) to give yellow ppt. to iodoform but does not contain the grouping \(CH_3CO-\) (linked to H or C) and hence does not react \(I_2/NaOH\) to give yellow ppt. of iodoform.

2. Ethanol/Ethanoic acid:

These can be distinguished by the Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate test.

A sodium bicarbonate test is used to distinguish between ethanol and ethanoic acid. Ethanol does not react with Sodium bicarbonate. Ethanoic acid gives brisk effervescence with Sodium bicarbonate. The reaction is as follows:

3. Butanal/Butan-2-one:

These can be distinguished by Tollen's Test.

Butanal being an aldehyde reduces Tollen's reagent to give silver mirror but butan-2-one being a ketone does not.

4. Benzaldehyde /Ethanal:

These can be distinguished by Fehling's Test.

Although ethanal and benzaldehyde are both aldehydes yet aliphatic aldehydes reduce Fehling's solution but aromatic aldehydes do not. Thus, acetaldehde gives a red ppt. of \(Cu_2O\) with Fehling's solution but benzaldehyde does not.