Which of the following factor is responsible for the early settlement in the 'Mediterranean regions'?

Pleasant climate.

The correct answer is Option (1) → Pleasant climate.

"Climate: An extreme climate such as very hot or cold deserts are uncomfortable for human habitation. Areas with a comfortable climate, where there is not much seasonal variation attract more people. Areas with very heavy rainfall or extreme and harsh climates have low population. Mediterranean regions were inhabited from early periods in history due to their pleasant climate.".