What is the outermost layer found in the cell envelope of the bacterial cell called?

Glycocalyx

The correct answer is Option (1) –Glycocalyx

The outermost layer found in the cell envelope of the bacterial cell is called: Glycocalyx

The bacterial cell envelope is a complex structure that surrounds the cytoplasm and protects the bacterial cell. It consists of multiple layers, with the glycocalyx being the outermost layer. Here's a breakdown of the layers from outside to inside:

1. Glycocalyx: This is a slimy or gel-like layer composed of polysaccharides, proteins, and sometimes lipids. It can help bacteria adhere to surfaces, resist desiccation (drying out), and evade the immune system.
2. Cell wall: This rigid layer provides structural support and shape to the bacterial cell. It is typically made of peptidoglycan in most bacteria.
3. Cytoplasmic membrane (or plasma membrane): This is a selectively permeable membrane that controls the passage of materials in and out of the cell. It is similar to the plasma membrane found in eukaryotic cells.
4. Cytoplasm: This is the jelly-like interior of the cell that contains the cell's organelles and other structures.

So, the glycocalyx acts as the outermost barrier for the bacterial cell, contributing to various functions.