Deficiency disease caused due to deficiency of vitamin K is:

Increased blood clotting time

The correct answer is option 2. Increased blood clotting time.

Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in blood clotting (coagulation). It is essential for the synthesis of several proteins known as clotting factors, which are involved in the process of forming blood clots to stop bleeding.

When there is a deficiency of vitamin K, the production of these clotting factors is impaired, leading to a condition known as hypoprothrombinemia. This condition results in an increased blood clotting time, meaning that it takes longer for blood to clot after an injury or wound. As a result, individuals with a vitamin K deficiency may experience excessive bleeding or hemorrhage, even from minor injuries, cuts, or bruises.

Common sources of vitamin K include green leafy vegetables (such as spinach, kale, and broccoli), vegetable oils, and certain fruits. Additionally, vitamin K is produced by bacteria in the intestines.

Deficiency of vitamin K can occur in individuals with conditions that impair fat absorption, such as liver disease, cystic fibrosis, or inflammatory bowel disease. It can also occur in newborn infants, as they have low levels of vitamin K at birth and may not have fully developed intestinal bacteria to produce it.

In summary, deficiency of vitamin K leads to increased blood clotting time, which can result in excessive bleeding and hemorrhage, particularly after injuries or wounds. Ensuring an adequate intake of vitamin K through diet or supplementation is essential for maintaining normal blood clotting function and preventing deficiency-related complications.